2Transfer onions to a cold pan and turn heat to medium-high to slowly cook and crisp them up.
3Prepare the masala by combining cardamom, clove, black peppercorn, cinnamon stick, bay leaf, fennel seed, coriander seed, and caraway in a blender and pulsing until mixed.
4Peel fresh ginger and mash it with garlic and a pinch of salt to create a paste.
5Remove wilted onions from the oil and set aside.
6Sear the lamb shanks in the flavored oil until a nice crust forms.
7Transfer seared lamb shanks to a pressure cooker.
8Add some of the reserved onion oil to the lamb shanks.
9Add the prepared masala and ginger-garlic paste to the lamb.
10Optionally add green chili for spice.
11Cover the shanks with water, ensuring they are fully submerged.
12Add Kashmiri red chili powder and turmeric for color and depth of flavor.
13Add a generous amount of salt.
14Close the pressure cooker and cook on high temperature for about 1 hour and 15 minutes.
15For the naan, mix warm water (100-110°F), active dry yeast, and sugar, then set aside to activate.
16In a stand mixer, combine all-purpose flour, full-fat plain yogurt, salt, olive oil, more warm water, and the activated yeast mixture.
17Attach the dough hook and mix on low, gradually increasing speed, for about five minutes until a smooth dough forms.
18Scoop the dough onto a floured surface, knead a few times by hand, and form into a smooth ball.
19Generously oil a dry bowl, transfer the dough ball, cover with a damp towel, and let sit for at least 30 minutes to an hour until it puffs up.
20Flour a surface, pull out the doubled-in-size dough ball, and split it into eight equal portions.
21Renee each dough ball a couple of times, pulling in the sides.
22Place the dough balls on a baking sheet, cover them with a damp towel, and let chill for another 15 minutes.
23Grab a dough ball, flour a rolling pin, and gently roll out the dough until it's paper-thin and almost see-through.
24Heat a cast iron skillet on medium-high heat and lightly oil it.
25Place the rolled-out naan dough onto the hot surface, cooking for about 90 seconds.
26Watch for bubbles; you can poke holes if you don't want too many bubbles.
27Flip the naan after about 30 seconds, cooking until the other side is browned.
28Immediately transfer the cooked naan to a damp towel.
29Prepare garlic butter by mixing softened butter with minced garlic and chopped fresh cilantro.
30While the naan is still hot, dab the garlic butter all over it.
31Sprinkle flaky white salt on the garlic naan.
32Prepare the ata by toasting one cup of wheat flour on medium-low heat for a couple of minutes until fragrant.
33Add a little bit of water to the toasted wheat flour and swirl to combine, creating a mixture that will thicken the nihari.
34After the nihari has cooked, pull out the meat from the pressure cooker.
35Add the toasted wheat flour mixture (ata) to the broth and reduce it.
36Serve the reduced broth with the lamb in a bowl.
37Garnish with a squeeze of lime juice, fresh ginger strands, fresh cilantro, and the crispy onions saved earlier.