1Heat oil over medium heat. Add chicken in a single layer and sear until pale golden on both sides. Remove and set aside. Skim excess fat, leaving only a thin layer in the pot.
2Lower heat. Add onions and cook gently until translucent. Add garlic and cook briefly. Stir in tomato purée if using, followed by mashed anchovies, cooking until integrated.
3Return chicken to pot. Add enough water to mostly cover. Season with salt and pepper. Add Scotch bonnet if using.
4Bring to a gentle simmer, cover, and cook for 30 minutes.
5In a large bowl, combine peanut powder or peanut butter with ladled hot cooking liquid to form a smooth, thick paste.
6Pour peanut mixture into the pot and stir thoroughly. Add sweet potatoes and carrots. Simmer uncovered for 20 minutes.
7Add cabbage and cook for 10-15 minutes until tender.
8Turn off heat when oil begins to split at the surface. Remove Scotch bonnet. Rest for 10 minutes before serving.